Violeta Chamorro
Violeta Chamorro | |
|---|---|
 Chamorro in 1993 | |
| 55th President of Nicaragua | |
| In office 25 April 1990 – 10 January 1997 | |
| Vice President |
|
| Preceded by | Daniel Ortega |
| Succeeded by | Arnoldo Alemán |
| Member of the Junta of National Reconstruction | |
| In office 17 July 1979 – 19 April 1980 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Violeta Barrios Torres 18 October 1929 Rivas, Nicaragua |
| Died | 14 June 2025 (aged 95) San José, Costa Rica |
| Political party | Democratic Union of Liberation |
| Other political affiliations | National Opposition Union |
| Spouse(s) | |
| Children | Pedro, Claudia, Cristiana and Carlos |
Violeta Barrios Torres de Chamorro (18 October 1929 – 14 June 2025) was a Nicaraguan politician. She and was President of Nicaragua from 1990 to 1996.[1] Her husband, Pedro Chamorro, was a newspaper editor. He was assassinated in 1978. She took over as editor of the paper, La Prensa.
Early life
[change | change source]Violeta Barrios Torres was born on 18 October 1929 in Rivas, a small city near the Nicaraguan border with Costa Rica, to Carlos José Barrios Sacasa and Amalia Torres Hurtado.[2][3][4] Her family were rich and conservative.[4]
Presidency
[change | change source]Chamorro ran for president in 1990. When she announced her candidacy, many people and the media thought she could not win because she did not have any experience.[5] She was running against President Daniel Ortega.[6]
On 25 February 1990, Chamorro won the election with a 54.7% of the vote, beating Ortega.[7][8] She became the first elected woman president in the Americas.[9][10] Her victory was seen as an upset victory.[11][12] Ortega accepted the results and peacefully transferred power over to Chamorro.[13]
Two months after the election, on 25 April 1990, Chamorro was sworn into office.[14]
Death
[change | change source]Chamorro died on 14 June 2025 in San José, Costa Rica at the age of 95.[15]
References
[change | change source]- ↑ "Indigenous Internet Chamber of Commerce". iicoc.com. Archived from the original on 2010-12-16. Retrieved 2011-01-03.
- ↑ Jalalzai, Farida (28 March 2013). Shattered, Cracked, Or Firmly Intact?: Women and the Executive Glass Ceiling Worldwide. OUP USA. ISBN 978-0-19-994353-1.
- ↑ Pallais, María L (March–April 1992). "Violeta Barrios de Chamorro. La reinamadre de la nación" (PDF). Nueva Sociedad (in Spanish) (118). Buenos Aires, Argentina: Fundación Foro Nueva Sociedad: 89–98. ISSN 0251-3552. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
- 1 2 "Violeta Barrios de Chamorro". Encyclopedia Britannica.
- ↑ "The Electoral Process Gears Up". Revista Envío. 100. Managua, Nicaragua: Central American University. November 1989. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
- ↑ Wattenberg, Ben (15 February 1990). "Media Piranhas, Where Are You Now?". Orlando Sentinel. Orlando, Florida. Retrieved 31 August 2015.
- ↑ Uhlig, Mark A. (27 February 1990). "Turnover in Nicaragua; Nicaraguan opposition routs Sandinistas; U.S. pledges aid, tied to orderly turnover". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
- ↑ "El legado de doña Violeta" (in Spanish). Managua, Nicaragua: Confidencial. 25 February 2013. Retrieved 31 August 2015.
- ↑ "The women presidents of Latin America". London, England: BBC. 31 October 2010. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
- ↑ "Violeta Chamorro, first female president of Nicaragua, who brought peace after years of civil war". Yahoo. Retrieved 17 June 2025.
- ↑ "After the Poll Wars – Explaining the Upset". Revista Envío. March 1990.
- ↑ Gunson, Phil (15 June 2025). "Violeta Chamorro obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 June 2025.
- ↑ Uhlig, Mark A. (28 February 1990). "Turnover in Nicaragua; Sandinista Leaders, Facing Defeat, Didn't Argue, Carter Says". The New York Times. New York, New York. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
- ↑ Pallmeyer, Hannah (18 December 2006). A Surprising Defeat?: Using the Importance of People to Create a Better Understanding of the 1990 Electoral Defeat of the Sandinistas in Nicaragua (PDF) (Thesis). Saint Paul, Minnesota: Macalester College. Retrieved 5 September 2015.[permanent dead link]
- ↑ "Fallece expresidenta Violeta Barrios de Chamorro". La Prensa (in Spanish). 14 June 2025. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
Other websites
[change | change source]
Media related to Violeta Chamorro at Wikimedia Commons
- Violeta Chamorro on IMDb
- Violeta de Chamorro Foundation Archived 18 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- Violeta Chamorro: New Direction for Nicaragua from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives
- Biography by CIDOB (in Spanish)
- Appearances on C-SPAN
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