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ICANN's Technical Study Group on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems

The global Domain Name System (DNS) is the standard naming system for the Internet, but it is not the only naming system on the Internet. Several current gTLD registry operators and potential 2026 Round applicants have indicated that they would like to offer registry services that associate some other naming system with the global DNS, using the same name in both systems in order to integrate them. The TSG will conduct an in-depth analysis to understand the potential security and stability ramifications of integrating generic top-level domains (gTLDs) with alternative naming systems.

Meet the Technical Study Group:

ICANN staff will facilitate this effort.

Supporting Documentation and Resources:

Announcements and Blogs:

Date Description
9 June 2026 Blog: gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems Technical Study Group Underway
27 April 2026 Blog: Technical Study Group Forming: gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems

Meetings and Work Session Resources:

Date Description
5 August 2026 TSG on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems – Meeting #11 - Cancelled.
28 July 2026

TSG on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems – Workshop 2 Day 2

27 July 2026

TSG on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems – Workshop 2 Day 1

Meeting Transcript

22 July 2026

TSG on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems – Meeting #9

15 July 2026

TSG on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems – Meeting #8

8 July 2026

TSG on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems – Meeting #7 - Cancelled.

 

1 July 2026

TSG on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems – Meeting #6

25 June 2026

TSG on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems – Workshop 1 Day 2

24 June 2026

TSG on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems – Workshop 1 Day 1

18 June 2026

TSG on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems – Meeting #3

11 June 2026

TSG on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems – Meeting #2

2 June 2026

TSG on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems – Formal Kick-off Meeting – Meeting #1

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

  1. What is the purpose of ICANN's Technical Study Group (TSG) on gTLD Integrations with Alternative Naming Systems?

    The TSG was formed to study the implications of integrating a generic top-level domain (gTLD) name into the same name in an alternative naming system. A thorough assessment of the potential impact to the security and stability of the Domain Name System (DNS) must be conducted before ICANN can approve this new type of registry service.

  2. What is ICANN's role in the TSG?

    ICANN is facilitating this effort, which aligns with ICANN's mission of ensuring the stable and secure operation of the Internet's unique identifier systems including the global Domain Name System (DNS).

  3. Why is the TSG being formed now?

    ICANN has received an increasing number of inquiries from generic top-level domain (gTLD) registry operators and potential New gTLD Program: 2026 round applicants regarding integrating DNS strings with other types of naming systems.

    From a technical perspective, it may be possible for domain names used in the global DNS to be integrated into alternative naming systems. This integration could benefit users, but, without adequate protocols in place, could cause operational, security, stability, and usability challenges; and undermine trust in the domain name system. ICANN is convening this TSG to assess these risks and suggest appropriate mitigation controls if possible.

  4. What is the expected output from the TSG?

    The TSG will produce a report documenting its conclusions on the feasibility of integrating gTLDs with alternative naming systems. This assessment is planned to be published for Public Comment on 10 August 2026.

    Integrations of global DNS gTLDs with alternative naming systems would constitute a Registry Service as described in the Registry Services Evaluation Policy (RSEP). The TSG report will serve as the basis for ICANN to develop standardized contractual language for registry agreements covering this Registry Service with the goal of undergoing Public Comment together with the TSG report.

    The development of standardized contract language would enable New gTLD Program: 2026 Round applicants or existing registry operators that wish to offer this type of Registry Service to use this standardized language in their Registry Agreement. For 2026-Round applicants, this contract language would be incorporated if and when their applications proceed to the contracting phase.

    Because this type of integration is a Registry Service, New gTLD Program applicants should anticipate that they would need to incorporate this standardized contract language for this type of Registry Service into the applicable Registry Agreement(s), as opposed to an applicant proposing Registry Voluntary Commitments (RVCs) in their New gTLD Program: 2026 Round application to document proposed commitments related to such service's operation.

Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."