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JavaScript Multidimensional Array

Last Updated : 26 Dec, 2023

Multidimensional arrays are not directly provided in JavaScript. If we want to use anything which acts as a multidimensional array then we need to create a multidimensional array by using another one-dimensional array. So multidimensional arrays in JavaScript is known as arrays inside another array. We need to put some arrays inside an array, then the total thing is working like a multidimensional array. The array, in which the other arrays are going to insert, that array is use as the multidimensional array in our code. To define a multidimensional array its exactly the same as defining a normal one-dimensional array.

One-Dimensional array:

let arr = []; // Empty 1D array
let arr1 = ["A", "B", "C", "D"] // 1D array contains some alphabets
let arr1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] // 1D array contains some digits

Multidimensional-Dimensional array:

Method 1:

1st, need to define some 1D array
let arr1 = ["ABC", 24, 18000];
let arr2 = ["EFG", 30, 30000];
let arr3 = ["IJK", 28, 41000];
let arr4 = ["EFG", 31, 28000];
let arr5 = ["EFG", 29, 35000];
// "salary" defines like a 1D array but it already contains some 1D array
let salary = [arr1, arr2, arr3, arr4, arr5];

Here arr1, arr2, …arr5 are some 1D arrays that are inside the salary array.

Method 2:

let salary = [
   ["ABC", 24, 18000],
   ["EFG", 30, 30000],
   ["IJK", 28, 41000],
   ["EFG", 31, 28000],
];

Here, the salary array works like a multidimensional array. This notations are known as array literals.

Accessing the element of the salary array:

To access the array element we need a simple index-based notation

// This notation access the salary of "ABC" person which is 18000, 
// [0] selects 1st row, and [2] selects the 3rd element
// of that 1st row which is 18000
salary[0][2];

// Similarly, 
salary[3][2]; // Selects 28000

**This notation is used for both Method 1 and Method 2.

For many iteration, we need to use loop to access the elements,

// This loop is for outer array
for (let i = 0, l1 = salary.length; i < l1; i++) {

    // This loop is for inner-arrays
    for (let j = 0, l2 = salary[i].length; j < l2; j++) {

        // Accessing each elements of inner-array
        documents.write( salary[i][j] ); 
    }
}

Adding elements in Multidimensional Array: Adding elements in multi-dimensional arrays can be achieved in two ways in inner array or outer array. The inner array can be done in two different ways.

Adding elements to inner array:
- We can use simple square bracket notation to add elements in multidimensional array.

salary[3][3] = "India";

// It adds "India" at the 4th index of 4th sub-array,
// If we print the entire 4th sub-array, document.write(salary[3]);
// the output will be :  ["EFG", 31, 28000, "India"]
// indexing starts from 0

We can use push() method to add elements in the array.

salary[3].push("India", "Mumbai");

// It add "India" at the 4th index and "Mumbai" at
// 5th index of 4th sub-array
// If we print the entire 4th sub-array,
// document.write(salary[3]);
// The output will be :  ["EFG", 31, 28000, "India", "Mumbai"]
// Indexing starts from 0

Adding elements to outer array: It is much similar to previous methods.

salary.push(["MNO", 29, 33300]);
// This row added after the last row in the "salary" array

Removing elements in Multidimensional Array: We can use pop() methods to remove elements from inner-arrays, and also use pop() method for removing a entire inner array.

// Remove last element from 4th sub-array
// That is 28000 indexing starts from 0
salary[3].pop(); 

// Removes last sub-array
// That is "["EFG", 31, 28000]"
salary.pop();

Example 1: Below is the example

javascript

// Prints a simple multidimensional array in JavaScript
let arr1 = ["ABC", 24, 18000];
let arr2 = ["EFG", 30, 30000];
let arr3 = ["IJK", 28, 41000];
let arr4 = ["EFG", 31, 28000];
let arr5 = ["EFG", 29, 35000];
let salary = [arr1, arr2, arr3, arr4, arr5];
for (let i = 0; i < salary.length; i++) {
    console.log(salary[i]);
}

Output

[ 'ABC', 24, 18000 ]
[ 'EFG', 30, 30000 ]
[ 'IJK', 28, 41000 ]
[ 'EFG', 31, 28000 ]
[ 'EFG', 29, 35000 ]

Example 2: Below is the example.

javascript

// Prints a simple multidimensional array in
// JavaScript with different declaration
let salary = [
    ["ABC", 24, 18000],
    ["EFG", 30, 30000],
    ["IJK", 28, 41000],
    ["EFG", 31, 28000],
];
for (let i = 0; i < salary.length; i++) {
    console.log(salary[i]);
}

Output

[ 'ABC', 24, 18000 ]
[ 'EFG', 30, 30000 ]
[ 'IJK', 28, 41000 ]
[ 'EFG', 31, 28000 ]

Example 3: Below is the example.

javascript

// Prints a simple multidimensional array in JavaScript
// where we just print the salary of a specific person
let salary = [
    ["ABC", 24, 18000],
    ["EFG", 30, 30000],
    ["IJK", 28, 41000],
    ["EFG", 31, 28000],
];
console.log("salary of 2nd person : " + salary[1][2]);
console.log("salary of 4th person : " + salary[3][2]);

Output

salary of 2nd person : 30000
salary of 4th person : 28000

Example 4: Below is the example.

javascript

// Prints a simple multidimensional array in
// JavaScript where we add elements in the array
// using simple square bracket and push() method
let salary = [
    ["ABC", 24, 18000],
    ["EFG", 30, 30000],
    ["IJK", 28, 41000],
    ["EFG", 31, 28000],
];
 
// Prints first array
console.log("Original array :<br>");
for (let i = 0; i < salary.length; i++) {
    console.log(salary[i]);
}
 
// Adding "India" at the 4th index of 4th sub array
salary[3][3] = "India";
 
console.log("<br>after adding \"India\" at the 4th array :<br>");
for (let i = 0; i < salary.length; i++) {
    console.log(salary[i]);
}
 
console.log("<br>after adding \"USA\" and \"Canada\" "
    + "at the 3rd array using \"push()\" method :");
salary[2].push("USA", "Canada");
 
// Adding "USA" and "Canada" in the 2nd sub-array
for (let i = 0; i < salary.length; i++) {
    console.log(salary[i]);
}

Output:

Original array :
ABC, 24, 18000
EFG, 30, 30000
IJK, 28, 41000
EFG, 31, 28000

after adding "India" at the 4th array :
ABC, 24, 18000
EFG, 30, 30000
IJK, 28, 41000
EFG, 31, 28000, India

after adding "USA" and "Canada" at the 3rd array using "push()" method :
ABC, 24, 18000
EFG, 30, 30000
IJK, 28, 41000, USA, Canada
EFG, 31, 28000, India

Example 5: Below is the example.

javascript

// Prints a simple multidimensional array in
// JavaScript where we add a new inner array
let salary = [
["ABC", 24, 18000],
["EFG", 30, 30000],
["IJK", 28, 41000],
["EFG", 31, 28000],
];
 
// Prints first array
console.log("Original array :");
 
for(let i = 0; i < salary.length; i++) {
    console.log(salary[i]);
}
 
console.log("After adding a new inner array :");
 
// Pushing a new sub-array
salary.push(["MNO", 29, 33300]);
 
for(let i = 0; i < salary.length; i++) {
    console.log(salary[i]);
}

Output

Original array :
[ 'ABC', 24, 18000 ]
[ 'EFG', 30, 30000 ]
[ 'IJK', 28, 41000 ]
[ 'EFG', 31, 28000 ]
After adding a new inner array :
[ 'ABC', 24, 18000 ]
[ 'EFG', 30, 30000 ]
[ 'IJK', 28, 41000 ]
[ '...

Output:

Original array :
ABC, 24, 18000
EFG, 30, 30000
IJK, 28, 41000
EFG, 31, 28000

After adding a new inner array :
ABC, 24, 18000
EFG, 30, 30000
IJK, 28, 41000
EFG, 31, 28000
MNO, 29, 33300

Example 6: Below is the example.

javascript

// Prints a simple multidimensional array in
// JavaScript where we remove a single element
// and a entire sub-array
let salary = [
    ["ABC", 24, 18000],
    ["EFG", 30, 30000],
    ["IJK", 28, 41000],
    ["EFG", 31, 28000],
];
 
// Prints first array
console.log("Original array :");
 
for (let i = 0; i < salary.length; i++) {
    console.log(salary[i]);
}
 
console.log("After removing last element "
    + "of last inner array :");
 
// Removes the last element of 3rd sub-array
salary[3].pop();
 
for (let i = 0; i < salary.length; i++) {
    console.log(salary[i] + "");
}
 
console.log("After removing last inner array :");
 
// Removes last sub-array
salary.pop();
 
for (let i = 0; i < salary.length; i++) {
    console.log(salary[i]);
}

Output

Original array :
[ 'ABC', 24, 18000 ]
[ 'EFG', 30, 30000 ]
[ 'IJK', 28, 41000 ]
[ 'EFG', 31, 28000 ]
After removing last element of last inner array :
ABC,24,18000
EFG,30,30000
IJK,28,41000
EFG,31
Aft...

JavaScript is best known for web page development but it is also used in a variety of non-browser environments. You can learn JavaScript from the ground up by following this JavaScript Tutorial and JavaScript Examples.

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