Binary Search (bisect) in Python
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Binary Search is a technique used to search element in a sorted list. In this article, we will looking at library functions to do Binary Search.
Finding first occurrence of an element.
bisect.bisect_left(a, x, lo=0, hi=len(a)) : Returns leftmost insertion point of x in a sorted list. Last two parameters are optional, they are used to search in sublist.
Python3
# Python code to demonstrate working# of binary search in libraryfrom bisect import bisect_leftdef BinarySearch(a, x): i = bisect_left(a, x) if i != len(a) and a[i] == x: return i else: return -1a = [1, 2, 4, 4, 8]x = int(4)res = BinarySearch(a, x)if res == -1: print(x, "is absent")else: print("First occurrence of", x, "is present at", res) |
Output:
First occurrence of 4 is present at 2
Finding greatest value smaller than x.
Python3
# Python code to demonstrate working# of binary search in libraryfrom bisect import bisect_leftdef BinarySearch(a, x): i = bisect_left(a, x) if i: return (i-1) else: return -1# Driver codea = [1, 2, 4, 4, 8]x = int(7)res = BinarySearch(a, x)if res == -1: print("No value smaller than ", x)else: print("Largest value smaller than ", x, " is at index ", res) |
Output:
Largest value smaller than 7 is at index 3
Finding rightmost occurrence
bisect.bisect_right(a, x, lo=0, hi=len(a)) Returns rightmost insertion point of x in a sorted list a. Last two parameters are optional, they are used to search in sublist.
Python3
# Python code to demonstrate working# of binary search in libraryfrom bisect import bisect_rightdef BinarySearch(a, x): i = bisect_right(a, x) if i != 0 and a[i-1] == x: return (i-1) else: return -1a = [1, 2, 4, 4]x = int(4)res = BinarySearch(a, x)if res == -1: print(x, "is absent")else: print("Last occurrence of", x, "is present at", res) |
Output:
Last occurrence of 4 is present at 3
Please refer Binary Search for writing your own Binary Search code.
Reference :
https://docs.python.org/3/library/bisect.html
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