A 3D Scatter Plot is a mathematical diagram, the most basic version of three-dimensional plotting used to display the properties of data as three variables of a dataset using the cartesian coordinates.To create a 3D Scatter plot, Matplotlib’s mplot3d toolkit is used to enable three dimensional plotting.Generally 3D scatter plot is created by using ax.scatter3D() the function of the matplotlib library which accepts a data sets of X, Y and Z to create the plot while the rest of the attributes of the function are the same as that of two dimensional scatter plot.
Example 1: Let’s create a basic 3D scatter plot using the ax.scatter3D() function.
Python3
# Import librariesfrom mpl_toolkits import mplot3dimport numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt# Creating datasetz = np.random.randint(100, size =(50))x = np.random.randint(80, size =(50))y = np.random.randint(60, size =(50))# Creating figurefig = plt.figure(figsize = (10, 7))ax = plt.axes(projection ="3d")# Creating plotax.scatter3D(x, y, z, color = "green")plt.title("simple 3D scatter plot")# show plotplt.show() |
Output :
Example 2 : For better understanding Let’s take another example.
Python3
# Import librariesfrom mpl_toolkits import mplot3dimport numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt# Creating datasetz = 4 * np.tan(np.random.randint(10, size =(500))) + np.random.randint(100, size =(500))x = 4 * np.cos(z) + np.random.normal(size = 500)y = 4 * np.sin(z) + 4 * np.random.normal(size = 500)# Creating figurefig = plt.figure(figsize = (16, 9))ax = plt.axes(projection ="3d") # Add x, y gridlines ax.grid(b = True, color ='grey', linestyle ='-.', linewidth = 0.3, alpha = 0.2) # Creating color mapmy_cmap = plt.get_cmap('hsv')# Creating plotsctt = ax.scatter3D(x, y, z, alpha = 0.8, c = (x + y + z), cmap = my_cmap, marker ='^')plt.title("simple 3D scatter plot")ax.set_xlabel('X-axis', fontweight ='bold') ax.set_ylabel('Y-axis', fontweight ='bold') ax.set_zlabel('Z-axis', fontweight ='bold')fig.colorbar(sctt, ax = ax, shrink = 0.5, aspect = 5)# show plotplt.show() |
Output :
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