The Culture of National Security: Norms and Identity in World Politics The political transformations of the 1980s and 1990s have dramatically affected models of national and international security. Particularly since the end of the Cold War, scholars have been uncertain about how to interpret the effects of major shifts in the balance of power. Are we living today in a unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar world? Are we moving toward an international order that makes the recurrence of major war in Europe or Asia highly unlikely or virtually inevitable? Is ideological conflict between states diminishing or increasing? In The Culture of National Security, sixteen leading scholars employ an innovative fusion of sociology and security studies to explore alternatives, to the long-dominant analytical perspectives of neorealism and neoliberalism. Questioning the utility of imagining global security relations simply in terms of the conventional dimensions of power and interest, contributors reflect on whether a more effective model would include analysis of cultural complexes as well. Spanning two centuries from the Greek war for independence in the 1820s to Israeli Palestinian negotiations today, reflecting on such pressing concerns as nuclear and chemical weapons bans and humanitarian intervention, The Culture of National Security lays the groundwork for new models of national security and global affairs, offering a much needed entry point to understanding a world in transition. |
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Sommario
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| 11 | |
| 17 | |
| 26 | |
| 33 | |
| 37 | |
| 42 | |
Strategic Preference Rankings | 248 |
Chinese Conflict Behavior | 251 |
Problems of Analysis | 256 |
Identity and National Security | 269 |
Identity Norms and National Security The Soviet Foreign Policy Revolution and the End of the Cold War | 271 |
Realist and Liberal Explanations | 276 |
An Ideas and Identity Framework | 283 |
The Empirical Case | 288 |
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| 65 | |
| 72 | |
| 77 | |
| 79 | |
| 82 | |
Obligatory Action and an Institutional Theory of Weapons Proliferation | 86 |
Hypotheses | 98 |
Research Design Data and Methods of Analysis | 100 |
Results | 104 |
Norms and Deterrence The Nuclear and Chemical Weapons Taboos | 114 |
The Social Construction of Deterrence | 116 |
The Chemical Weapons Taboo | 126 |
The Nonuse of Nuclear Weapons | 134 |
Norms Constructivism and Explanation | 143 |
Constructing Norms of Humanitarian Intervention | 153 |
Using Norms to Understand International Politics | 156 |
Humanitarian Intervention in the Nineteenth Century | 161 |
The Expansion of Humanity and Sovereignty | 170 |
Humanitarian Intervention Since 1945 | 175 |
Culture and French Military Doctrine Before World War II | 186 |
Alternative Explanations | 188 |
The Cultural Roots of Doctrinal Decisions | 200 |
The Cultural Roots of French Doctrine | 204 |
Cultural Realism and Strategy in Maoist China | 216 |
Why China? | 218 |
Some Conceptual and Methodological Issues | 221 |
The Maoist Central Paradigm | 229 |
Back to the Future? | 311 |
Norms Identity and National Security in Germany and Japan | 317 |
Deficiencies of Structural Accounts | 319 |
The Concept of PoliticalMilitary Culture | 325 |
The Origins of the New PoliticalMilitary Cultures | 329 |
The Evolution of the Two PoliticalMilitary Cultures | 338 |
The Evolution of German and Japanese Security Policies | 345 |
Collective Identity in a Democratic Community The Case of NATO | 357 |
Theorizing About Alliances | 359 |
A Liberal Interpretation of the Transatlantic Security Community The Origins of NATO | 372 |
How Unique Is NATO? | 397 |
Identity and Alliances in the Middle East | 400 |
Identity and Alliance Formation | 403 |
Identity and Alliances in Arab Politics | 413 |
USIsraeli Relations | 432 |
Implications and Conclusion | 449 |
Norms Identity and Their Limits A Theoretical Reprise | 451 |
How Norms Matter | 454 |
The Sources of Norms | 469 |
Challenges in the Study of Norms | 483 |
Conclusion National Security in a Changing World | 498 |
Realism and Liberalism | 500 |
Summary and Extensions | 505 |
Going Beyond Traditional National Security Studies | 523 |
America in a Changing World | 528 |
Index | 539 |
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action actors alliance allies American analysis approach Arab argue argument arms army become behavior British Cambridge central Chinese choice Cold collective concept concerns construction Cooperation crisis culture debate decision defense define democratic discussion doctrine domestic economic effects empirical environment essay Europe European example existing explain force foreign policy French German historical human humanitarian ideas identity important institutional interests international relations interpretation intervention Israel issues Japan Japanese John leaders less liberal material means military models national security norms nuclear offensive offer Organization Peace perspective political position possible practice preferences Princeton problem question realist realpolitik reasons regime relationship relative Robert role rules shape shared social society Soviet strategic culture structure Studies suggests theory Thinking threat tion traditional understanding Union United University Press values volume weapons West Western World York
Brani popolari
Pagina 130 - The present Declaration is only binding on the Contracting Powers in case of war between two or more of them. It shall cease to be binding from the time when, in a war between the Contracting Powers, one of the belligerents is joined by a nonContracting Power.
Pagina 133 - Rules are empty in themselves, violent and unfinalized; they are impersonal and can be bent to any purpose. The successes of history belong to those who are capable of seizing these rules, to replace those who had used them, to disguise themselves so as to pervert them, invert their meaning, and redirect them against those who had initially imposed them; controlling this complex mechanism, they will make it function so as to overcome the rulers through their own rules.
Pagina 498 - The purely economic man is indeed close to being a social moron. Economic theory has been much preoccupied with this rational fool decked in the glory of his one all-purpose preference ordering.
Pagina 481 - Robert O. Keohane, After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984), pp. 32-3933. See Charles P. Kindleberger, The World in Depression, 1929-1939 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973), especially p.
Pagina 13 - Robert O. Keohane. After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy (Princeton: Princeton University Press. 1984); and Vinod Aggarwal, Liberal Protectionism: The International Politics of Organized Textile Trade (Berkeley: University of California Press. 1985). See also Ernst B. Haas, "Why Collaborate? Issue-Linkage and International Regimes.
Pagina 234 - A battle in which the enemy is routed is not basically decisive in a contest with a foe of great strength. A battle of annihilation, on the other hand, produces a great and immediate impact on any enemy. Injuring all of a man's ten fingers is not as effective as chopping off one, and routing ten enemy divisions is not as effective as annihilating one of them.
Pagina 136 - ... (c) for the elimination from national armaments of atomic weapons and of all other major weapons adaptable to mass destruction; (d) for effective safeguards by way of inspection and other means to protect complying States against the hazards of violations and evasions.
Pagina 5 - In some situations norms operate like rules that define the identity of an actor, thus having "constitutive effects" that specify what actions will cause relevant others to recognize a particular identity. In other situations norms operate as standards that specify the proper enactment of an already defined identity. In such instances norms have "regulative" effects that specify standards of proper behavior.
Pagina 500 - Hans J. Morgenthau, Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace (New York: Knopf, 1948).
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Informazioni bibliografiche
| Titolo | The Culture of National Security: Norms and Identity in World Politics New directions in world politics, ISSN 2380-7970 |
| Autore | Mary Fainsod Katzenstein |
| Curatore | Peter J. Katzenstein |
| Collaboratore | Social Science Research Council (U.S.). Committee on International Peace & Security |
| Edizione | illustrata |
| Editore | Columbia University Press, 1996 |
| ISBN | 0231104693, 9780231104692 |
| Lunghezza | 562 pagine |
| Esporta citazione | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |